Germany

Between 1941 and 1945, the Nazi regime systematically murdered six million Jewish people alongside millions of Roma, disabled people, and others, in the most documented genocide in human history.

The Berlin Wall, built overnight in August 1961, became the most potent symbol of the Cold War's division of the world. Its fall on 9 November 1989 marked the beginning of the end of the Soviet era.

When Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to a church door in 1517, he ignited a religious revolution that permanently fractured Western Christianity and reshaped European politics.